William foulis



Patented Apr. 7, 1891.

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ATTORNEY INVENTOH BY l (7m W. FOULIS.

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APPARATUS FOR HEATING BY GAS.

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OOOOOOOfOO UNITED STATES FFICE.

IVILLIAM FOULIS, OFHGLASGOV, SCOTLAND.

APPARATUS FOR HEATING BY GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent'No. 449,757, dated April '7, 1891.

Application filed July 26, 1888. Serial No. 281,087. (No model.) Patented in England May 15,1886,N0. 6,531.

To (0 whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM FOULIS, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Glasgow, in the county of Lanark, North Britain, have invented an Improved Apparatus for Heating by Gas, (for which I have obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 6,531, bearing date May 15, 1886,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention, which relates to an improved apparatus for heating by gas, has for its ob ject to utilize the combustion of gas economically and without the occurrence of unpleasant smells, such as usually occur with gas heating apparatus as'hitherto constructed.

The apparatus consists of a combustionchamber preferably lined with refractory material and located apart from the material to be heated. Beneath this chamber a series of Bunsen burners are situated, and they extend a part way only up into the chamber, their position being such that the combustion of the burning air and gas ignited in such burners is completed, or nearly so, in the said combustionchamber. This chamber becomes highly heated, thus insuring the combustion taking place at a high temperature before coming in contact with any material to be heated. From the upper part of this chamber the products of combustion, together with any portion of flame that may escape therefrom, pass through spaces formed in a mass of refractory material. In this way the mass of il'efractory material becomes highly heated anc Above this mass of refractory material there is or may be a space in which tubes may be placed communicating with an air-space at the back. iVhen such tubes are used, the heated products of combustion are led over that is to say, on the outside thereofso that when they become heated the air passing from the lower part of the apparatus either escapes wholly or in part into the chamber or apartment in which the apparatus is placed, and a part or whole of the said heated air may be led into the aforesaid combustion-chamber, so that the apparatus may act wholly or partly on the regenerative principle.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the apparatus; Fig. 2, a vertical central section at right animperfect combustion is prevented.

gles to Fig.1 on the line a; as; Fig. 3, a section on the line g y, Fig. 2; and Fig. f a section of the fire-brick radiatingblock on the line .2 a, Fig. 3. p I

In the lower part of the apparatus a combustion-chamber A is situated, and it is preferably formed of fire'clay slabs B, as more particularly shown at Fig. 2, these slabs being held within the metallic casing 0. Into the lower part of the combustion-chamber A the several Bunsen burners D project, each being provided with a tap E and connected to the gas-pipe F. the orifice of the burners burn with intense heat within the combustion-chamber A, a further supply of airnecessary to effect the complete combustion of the gas being drawn into the combustion-chamber from the passage G, in traveling through which the air becomes heated. The hot products of combustion arising out of the combustion-chamber A escape up into the irregularly-formed openings in the radiating-block H, which is formed of fire-clay'or other suitable material. This fireclay block H, which constitutes a special feature of this invention, is so formed that the back thereof is solid, as seen by the section, Fig. 1, while across it and through it, both longitudinally and transversely, the irregularly-shaped openings Z are formed, which communicate with other irregularly-shaped openings J in the front thereof, giving the appearance when looked at from the front of pieces of coal or coke. h h are vertical channels communicating with the passages Z. By means of this special construct-ion of the refractory block the back thereof constitutes a reservoir for heat, the irregularly shaped openings, as hereinbefore described, affording free passage to the hot products of combus tion, which quickly raise the back and the pieces forming the front of the block to a red heat, giving the whole the appearance of a glowing coal or coke fire. The flue K communicates with the chimney of the apartment or chamber in which the heating apparatus is placed, and the waste products pass thereinto. These products, in escaping through the flue K, heat it, and the air passing in through the openings L in its passage to the upper part of the heating, apparatus becomes thereby heated and escapes as heated air through The gas and air escaping from the openings M in the upper part of the apparatus. The tubes hereinbel'ore referred to may be placed in communication with or as forming part of the chamber N, as is obvious.

I prefer to place the fire-clay block at some distance back from the frontof the fire or stove, so as to protect it from currents of cold air, the sides Z being slightly beveled and having reflectingsurfaees, so as to add to the amount of radiation. I wish it to be understood that I do not limit its use or ap' plieation to the heating apparatus hereinbei'ore described, and shown upon the drawings; but I explain that it is capable of use in other forms of heating apparatus wherein gas and air are burned.

It is to be understood that the combustionchamber hereinbefore described may be made of various shapesfor example, in place of being curved and inclined it may be made vertical and placed directly under the block to be heated-and it is further to be understood that in a stove or heating apparatus constructed according to my invention the lines or passages for heating air may be dispensed with.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In aheating apparatus,the combination of a burner or series of burners, an integral radiating-block composed of refractory material to be heated, chambered with draft-passages opening at intervals in the course of the draft to the outer space to be heated, and a combustion'ehamber in the line of draft intel-mediate to tho radiating-block and the said burner or burners, having a volume wherein combustion of the gas-fuel is completed before contact with the material to be heated.

2. In a heating apparatus, the combination of a burner or series of burners inclined at an angle approaching the horizontal, a combustion-chamber at said angle springing upward in a curvature corresponding with the natural course of the flame-jet to a point Where the combustion is completed, and an integral radiating-block forming a continuation of draftpassage at an angle approaching the vertical, opening at intervals to the outer space to be heated, and an eduction-flue adjacent the uppermost end of said draft-passage.

3. In a heating apparatus, the herein-described radiating-block interposed in the line of heat-current issuing from a source of combustion, said block composed of an integral slab of refractory material having intersecting draftpassages extending cdgewise through it, substantially as shown, opening at intervals through an irregular radiating-surface on one side thereof exposed to view and configured in semblance of coke, coal, or other body of fuel.

WILLIAM FOULTS.

W itnesses:

ALEX. Foums, Solicitor, Glasgow, ,S'cMZam l.

JAS. McDowALL, Law Apprentice, 180 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Sec/land. 

